West Kazakhstan Medical Journal Volume 66 Issue 2

Is Botox an Alternative to Surgery for Anal Fissure?

2024-07-19T10:28:26Z

Is Botox an Alternative to Surgery for Anal Fissure? Yilmaz, Eyüp Murat; Karacan, Erkan Objective To compare the results of the lateral internal sphincterotomy(LIS) technique and high dose botulinum toxin, which is one of the treatments applied when medical treatment is insufficient in anal fissure. Materials and methods The files and outpatient clinic notes of the patients who underwent lateral internal sphincterotomy and botulinum toxin injection due to lack of response to medical treatment due to anal fissure between May 2020 and May 2023 were examined retrospectively. Preoperative and postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) scores, five-point horizontal scale (FPHS) scores, hospitalization times, fissure locations, follow-up periods, anesthesia type, and postoperative complications of the patients were recorded. Results Total 30 LIS and 24 botulinum toxin-treated patients were included. Hospitalization time was shorter in botulinum toxin groups than in the LIS group (p<0.001). First-week VAS score was lower than botulinum toxin injection group (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of FPHS scores, follow-up periods, and recurrence (p:0.15, p:0.07, p:0.14). Conclusion: While LIS is faster in the early period, botulinum toxin injection can be considered as an alternative to surgical treatment for long-term results. Objective To compare the results of the lateral internal sphincterotomy(LIS) technique and high dose botulinum toxin, which is one of the treatments applied when medical treatment is insufficient in anal fissure. Materials and methods The files and outpatient clinic notes of the patients who underwent lateral internal sphincterotomy and botulinum toxin injection due to lack of response to medical treatment due to anal fissure between May 2020 and May 2023 were examined retrospectively. Preoperative and postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) scores, five-point horizontal scale (FPHS) scores, hospitalization times, fissure locations, follow-up periods, anesthesia type, and postoperative complications of the patients were recorded. Results Total 30 LIS and 24 botulinum toxin-treated patients were included. Hospitalization time was shorter in botulinum toxin groups than in the LIS group (p<0.001). First-week VAS score was lower than botulinum toxin injection group (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of FPHS scores, follow-up periods, and recurrence (p:0.15, p:0.07, p:0.14). Conclusion: While LIS is faster in the early period, botulinum toxin injection can be considered as an alternative to surgical treatment for long-term results.

Demographic Features of Ulcerative Gastroduodenal Bleeding

2024-07-19T10:26:25Z

Demographic Features of Ulcerative Gastroduodenal Bleeding Rysmakhanov, Myltykbay; Kurmanbai, Gulmira; Koyshybayev, Anuar; Mukhamedgalieva, Botagoz; Satenova, Zhanna; Zhakiyev, Bazylbek Background. Gastroduodenal bleeding (GDB) is a common cause of endoscopic examinations. This study aims to study demographic criteria in patients with ulcerative genesis GDB during primary endoscopic examinations in a single center. Materials and Methods. The diagnostic esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGDS) of 231 patients with GDB of ulcerative etiology from January 2020 to December 2021 was analyzed, all patients were with primary EGDS. The study compared the activity of ulcerative bleeding, depending on gender and age groups. Results. The majority of patients with ulcerative GDCS were women – 57.7%. In both groups, duodenal ulcer was the predominant cause of GDB, 61.5% in women, and 54.2% in men. Active bleeding was observed in 8 (3.4%) patients. Among all women and men, Forrest-II bleeding was detected in 126 (93.4%) and 86 (89.6%) patients, respectively. In women and men, GDB is most common over the age of 50 (83.7% and 59.3%). Significant differences were observed, such as GDB occurs more often in men at the age of 41–50 years, whereas in women it occurs more often at the age of 51–60 years (p < 0.05). Bleeding activity according to Forrest did not depend on gender (p > 0.05). Conclusion. The risk of bleeding among both women and men is higher over the age of 50. At the same time, the activity of GDK does not depend on the gender and age of the patient. Background. Gastroduodenal bleeding (GDB) is a common cause of endoscopic examinations. This study aims to study demographic criteria in patients with ulcerative genesis GDB during primary endoscopic examinations in a single center. Materials and Methods. The diagnostic esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGDS) of 231 patients with GDB of ulcerative etiology from January 2020 to December 2021 was analyzed, all patients were with primary EGDS. The study compared the activity of ulcerative bleeding, depending on gender and age groups. Results. The majority of patients with ulcerative GDCS were women – 57.7%. In both groups, duodenal ulcer was the predominant cause of GDB, 61.5% in women, and 54.2% in men. Active bleeding was observed in 8 (3.4%) patients. Among all women and men, Forrest-II bleeding was detected in 126 (93.4%) and 86 (89.6%) patients, respectively. In women and men, GDB is most common over the age of 50 (83.7% and 59.3%). Significant differences were observed, such as GDB occurs more often in men at the age of 41–50 years, whereas in women it occurs more often at the age of 51–60 years (p < 0.05). Bleeding activity according to Forrest did not depend on gender (p > 0.05). Conclusion. The risk of bleeding among both women and men is higher over the age of 50. At the same time, the activity of GDK does not depend on the gender and age of the patient.

Cluster-Based Diagnostic for Diabetes, Insights from Europe and Asia

2024-07-19T10:22:58Z

Cluster-Based Diagnostic for Diabetes, Insights from Europe and Asia Kudabayeva, Khatimya; Bazargaliyev, Yerlan; Veklenko, Galina; Tleumagambetova, Bibigul Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has emerged as a major global health challenge, with its prevalence steadily rising in recent decades. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) Diabetes Atlas projecting that the number of individuals living with diabetes will reach 783 million by 2045. The Asian region is particularly affected, with over 157 million diagnosed cases in 2021, representing about 11% of the region’s total adult population. This review aims to shed light on the heterogeneity within T2DM, emphasizing the importance on the diversity of disease and exhibits the different phenotypic characteristics. The focus of the review is to highlight the significance of understanding these variations in glycemic levels, insulin resistance, complications, heredity, lifestyle, and patient preferences to tailor effective prevention and management strategies. A comprehensive review of recent studies is presented, revealing the importance of personalized approaches in combating the multifaceted challenges related to T2DM. The key findings underscore the critical need for adapting treatment strategies to individual patient profiles, thus mitigating the burden of T2DM and its health consequences. This manuscript underscores the pressing need for additional research endeavors and the formulation of customized interventions to tackle the escalating prevalence of T2DM, both on a global scale and within the Asian region. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has emerged as a major global health challenge, with its prevalence steadily rising in recent decades. The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) Diabetes Atlas projecting that the number of individuals living with diabetes will reach 783 million by 2045. The Asian region is particularly affected, with over 157 million diagnosed cases in 2021, representing about 11% of the region’s total adult population. This review aims to shed light on the heterogeneity within T2DM, emphasizing the importance on the diversity of disease and exhibits the different phenotypic characteristics. The focus of the review is to highlight the significance of understanding these variations in glycemic levels, insulin resistance, complications, heredity, lifestyle, and patient preferences to tailor effective prevention and management strategies. A comprehensive review of recent studies is presented, revealing the importance of personalized approaches in combating the multifaceted challenges related to T2DM. The key findings underscore the critical need for adapting treatment strategies to individual patient profiles, thus mitigating the burden of T2DM and its health consequences. This manuscript underscores the pressing need for additional research endeavors and the formulation of customized interventions to tackle the escalating prevalence of T2DM, both on a global scale and within the Asian region.

Unveiling the Healing Potential of Avicennia marina: A Mini Review on its Medicinal Marvels

2024-07-19T10:19:25Z

Unveiling the Healing Potential of Avicennia marina: A Mini Review on its Medicinal Marvels Alrubaye, Aymen Abdulateef; Balef, Reshad Moradi; Kalbi, Siavash; Tanideh, Nader This mini review delves into the therapeutic attributes of Avicennia marina, commonly known as the Grey Mangrove, situated within mangrove ecosystems. Characterized by unique biochemical features, A. marina has captured the attention of the scientific community for its potential medicinal applications. Thriving in intertidal zones amidst salinity fluctuations and environmental stressors, this resilient mangrove species has evolved adaptive mechanisms, leading to the synthesis of secondary metabolites with recognized pharmacological properties. Beyond its immediate relevance in medical research, A. marina emerges as a significant player in environmental health, especially in the context of escalating climate change challenges. The intertidal zones it inhabits face increasing vulnerability to rising sea levels and temperature fluctuations, emphasizing the importance of understanding its adaptive mechanisms for both medicinal and ecological insights. Moreover, A. marina serves as a testament to the intricate interplay between nature and human health. Bioactive compounds found in this mangrove not only hold promise for pharmaceutical applications but also contribute to the burgeoning field of herbal medicine. Integrating traditional knowledge with modern scientific approaches provides a holistic understanding of the Grey Mangrove’s therapeutic spectrum, unveiling potential herbal remedies with relevance to contemporary healthcare practices. This dual perspective positions A. marina as a subject of interdisciplinary research, where botanical pharmacology intersects with ecological resilience, addressing both medical and environmental challenges. This mini review delves into the therapeutic attributes of Avicennia marina, commonly known as the Grey Mangrove, situated within mangrove ecosystems. Characterized by unique biochemical features, A. marina has captured the attention of the scientific community for its potential medicinal applications. Thriving in intertidal zones amidst salinity fluctuations and environmental stressors, this resilient mangrove species has evolved adaptive mechanisms, leading to the synthesis of secondary metabolites with recognized pharmacological properties. Beyond its immediate relevance in medical research, A. marina emerges as a significant player in environmental health, especially in the context of escalating climate change challenges. The intertidal zones it inhabits face increasing vulnerability to rising sea levels and temperature fluctuations, emphasizing the importance of understanding its adaptive mechanisms for both medicinal and ecological insights. Moreover, A. marina serves as a testament to the intricate interplay between nature and human health. Bioactive compounds found in this mangrove not only hold promise for pharmaceutical applications but also contribute to the burgeoning field of herbal medicine. Integrating traditional knowledge with modern scientific approaches provides a holistic understanding of the Grey Mangrove’s therapeutic spectrum, unveiling potential herbal remedies with relevance to contemporary healthcare practices. This dual perspective positions A. marina as a subject of interdisciplinary research, where botanical pharmacology intersects with ecological resilience, addressing both medical and environmental challenges.