http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/419 Wed, 29 Apr 2026 07:15:10 GMT 2026-04-29T07:15:10Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/429 Interleukin-6 Inhibitor Olokizumab in Hospitalized Adults with Moderate COVID-19: Results of a Single Center Observational Study Topolyanskaya, Svetlana V; Rachina, S.A.; Lytkina, Karine A.; Melkonyan, Georgiy G.; Savochkina, Yulia A A single-center observational study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the interleukin-6 inhibitor olokizumab in hospitalized adults with moderate COVID-19. This study enrolled 337 patients aged from 22 to 96 years old. After the administration of olokizumab, there was a significant reduction in body temperature, decrease in CRP, and an increase in the levels of blood cells. Revealed clinical improvement was seen in 69.7% of cases, 8.5% of patients showed deterioration in their condition and were transferred to the ICU, 13.6% died. Olokizumab was well tolerated except for slight elevation in live enzymes, such as aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase. A single-center observational study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the interleukin-6 inhibitor olokizumab in hospitalized adults with moderate COVID-19. This study enrolled 337 patients aged from 22 to 96 years old. After the administration of olokizumab, there was a significant reduction in body temperature, decrease in CRP, and an increase in the levels of blood cells. Revealed clinical improvement was seen in 69.7% of cases, 8.5% of patients showed deterioration in their condition and were transferred to the ICU, 13.6% died. Olokizumab was well tolerated except for slight elevation in live enzymes, such as aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase. Fri, 20 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/429 2024-12-20T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/428 Incidence of Postdural Puncture Headache With 25G Quincke Needle Versus 25G Whitacre Needle After Spinal Anesthesia for Caesarean Section in a Tertiary Care Hospital Hymavathi, J; Tehoor, Raafia; Shiva, PV; Lavanya, B Background: Postdural puncture headache (PDPH) is the renowned complication from spinal anesthesia in caesarean section (C-section). Advancements in modifications to needle gauge and needle tip over the past five decades have led to a significant reduction in PDPH incidence. The present study aimed to compare the Whitacre needle with the Quincke needle in reducing the PDPH incidence in subjects undergoing Csection. Methodology: A tertiary care hospital recruited 100 patients, who were randomly divided into two groups, with 50 in each group. The patient’s age range was between 18 and 35 years and ASA grades I and II. The 25G-Quincke needle was used for Group A, and the 25G-Whitacre needle was used for Group B patients during C-section. The number of incidences, attempts, demographics, heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure, and efficacy data were analyzed to prevent the PDPH instances. The results were compared statistically by an unpaired t-test for continuous normal data and a Mann–Whitney U test for continuous nonnormal data. The comparison between the two groups was done by the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test for categorical data. Results: Among the 100 patients, no statistical significance was observed in demographic data, heart rate (HR), or mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) in both groups at different time points. A significant difference between different days and PDPH was seen in group A, and no difference was observed in group B. PDPH severity was higher in group A than in group B. The duration of PDPH between 24 and 48 hours was longer in group A than group B. The number of spinal anesthesia attempts was higher in Group A (94%) than in Group B (86%). Conclusion: The present study concludes that the PDPH incidence rate with 25G Whitacre needles was less compared to 25G Quincke needles. Thus, the pencil-point needle can be used regularly for C-section spinal anesthesia subjects. Background: Postdural puncture headache (PDPH) is the renowned complication from spinal anesthesia in caesarean section (C-section). Advancements in modifications to needle gauge and needle tip over the past five decades have led to a significant reduction in PDPH incidence. The present study aimed to compare the Whitacre needle with the Quincke needle in reducing the PDPH incidence in subjects undergoing Csection. Methodology: A tertiary care hospital recruited 100 patients, who were randomly divided into two groups, with 50 in each group. The patient’s age range was between 18 and 35 years and ASA grades I and II. The 25G-Quincke needle was used for Group A, and the 25G-Whitacre needle was used for Group B patients during C-section. The number of incidences, attempts, demographics, heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure, and efficacy data were analyzed to prevent the PDPH instances. The results were compared statistically by an unpaired t-test for continuous normal data and a Mann–Whitney U test for continuous nonnormal data. The comparison between the two groups was done by the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test for categorical data. Results: Among the 100 patients, no statistical significance was observed in demographic data, heart rate (HR), or mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) in both groups at different time points. A significant difference between different days and PDPH was seen in group A, and no difference was observed in group B. PDPH severity was higher in group A than in group B. The duration of PDPH between 24 and 48 hours was longer in group A than group B. The number of spinal anesthesia attempts was higher in Group A (94%) than in Group B (86%). Conclusion: The present study concludes that the PDPH incidence rate with 25G Whitacre needles was less compared to 25G Quincke needles. Thus, the pencil-point needle can be used regularly for C-section spinal anesthesia subjects. Fri, 20 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/428 2024-12-20T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/427 Resynchronizing Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (CRT-D) for Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure Aringazina, Raisa A.; Khamidulla, Bulat Kh.; Abenova, Nurgul; Muradymova, Amaliia R; Mehmedali, Eda; Stachova, Petra; Gaisiyeva, Zhanylsyn A cardiacresynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRT-D) corrects intracardiac mechanical dyssynchrony by pacing the right and left ventricles synchronized with the atrial rhythm. The CRT-D implantable cardioverter defibrillator is used in chronic heart failure (CHF) because patients with heart failure have a poor prognosis, with mortality rates averaging 15–60% per year. Implantable cardioverter defibrillator CRT-D improves the functional state of the heart and increases left ventricular systolic dysfunction.The purpose of the study wasto evaluate the effect of the implantable cardioverterdefibrillator CRT-D device on left ventricular function in patients with CHF.We selected patients with NYHA class III or IV heart failure, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) less than 35%, and internal QRS complex duration of more than 150 ms for CRTD implantation among patients hospitalized in the cardiology department of Aktobe Medical Center (AMC) in Aktobe, Kazakhstan, from 2022 to 2023. Total 60 patients were monitored for 48 weeks with an assessment of left ventricular function after CRT-D implantation. At 48 weeks after implantation of the ventricular assist device, significant treatment outcomes were observed (p=0.001): physical tolerance increased from 268 m to 326 m within 6 minutes of the test and LV ejection fraction (EF,%) from 33 to 37% and decrease in QRSms duration from 154 to 128ms .Also, EDV/EDS (ml/cm) decreased from 249 to 160 mL/174 to 110cm. There was a correlation between EDS (cm) and 6MWD (m) levels (r=0.376; p=0.001). Thus, patients with CHF who were implanted with the CRT-D device showed improvement in left ventricular function. A cardiacresynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRT-D) corrects intracardiac mechanical dyssynchrony by pacing the right and left ventricles synchronized with the atrial rhythm. The CRT-D implantable cardioverter defibrillator is used in chronic heart failure (CHF) because patients with heart failure have a poor prognosis, with mortality rates averaging 15–60% per year. Implantable cardioverter defibrillator CRT-D improves the functional state of the heart and increases left ventricular systolic dysfunction.The purpose of the study wasto evaluate the effect of the implantable cardioverterdefibrillator CRT-D device on left ventricular function in patients with CHF.We selected patients with NYHA class III or IV heart failure, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) less than 35%, and internal QRS complex duration of more than 150 ms for CRTD implantation among patients hospitalized in the cardiology department of Aktobe Medical Center (AMC) in Aktobe, Kazakhstan, from 2022 to 2023. Total 60 patients were monitored for 48 weeks with an assessment of left ventricular function after CRT-D implantation. At 48 weeks after implantation of the ventricular assist device, significant treatment outcomes were observed (p=0.001): physical tolerance increased from 268 m to 326 m within 6 minutes of the test and LV ejection fraction (EF,%) from 33 to 37% and decrease in QRSms duration from 154 to 128ms .Also, EDV/EDS (ml/cm) decreased from 249 to 160 mL/174 to 110cm. There was a correlation between EDS (cm) and 6MWD (m) levels (r=0.376; p=0.001). Thus, patients with CHF who were implanted with the CRT-D device showed improvement in left ventricular function. Fri, 20 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/427 2024-12-20T00:00:00Z http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/426 Psychological Reactions Among Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Survey in Atyrau, Kazakhstan Mamyrbayev, Arstan A.; Bermagambetova, Saule K; Satybaldiyeva, Umit A.; Baspakova, Akmaral M.; Umarova, Gulmira A.; Amanzholkyzy, Ainur; Duisenova, Ainash; Zhilisbayeva, Kulyash R.; Mussin, Nadiar M.; Zinalieva, Ainur N.; Khaliliyon, Biloli Nushervoni This cross-sectional survey conducted in Atyrau, Kazakhstan aimed to underline the psychological reactions among adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study involved sampling individuals from different age groups and employed standardized questionnaires to assess psychological and psychophysiological profiles, considering factors such as gender, age, education, and social status. A total of 798 participants were surveyed with informed consent obtained from all participants. The findings revealed a wide range of psychological reactions experienced by the urban population during the pandemic. Vulnerable groups, including the young, the elderly, and predominantly females, exhibited a significant negative impact on their psychological and psychophysical health. Factors such as education, social living conditions, family status, and income level played crucial roles in influencing individuals’ psychoemotional state. Comparative analysis between individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 and those without the disease showed that the pandemic acted as a trigger for the manifestation of psychoemotional, psychophysiological, and mental disorders. The study emphasized the importance of psychoprophylactic measures and psychoeducational methods for all population groups, particularly targeting vulnerable populations. Integration of mental health and psychosocial support services into the public health response was highlighted as crucial to mitigating the adverse effects on individuals’ mental health and overall well-being. Understanding the psychological reactions during the COVID- 19 pandemic provided valuable insights for developing effective interventions and support systems to alleviate the impact on individuals’ mental health. The study’s findings underscored the importance of addressing mental health needs and implementing targeted interventions to support the psychological well-being of the population. This cross-sectional survey conducted in Atyrau, Kazakhstan aimed to underline the psychological reactions among adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study involved sampling individuals from different age groups and employed standardized questionnaires to assess psychological and psychophysiological profiles, considering factors such as gender, age, education, and social status. A total of 798 participants were surveyed with informed consent obtained from all participants. The findings revealed a wide range of psychological reactions experienced by the urban population during the pandemic. Vulnerable groups, including the young, the elderly, and predominantly females, exhibited a significant negative impact on their psychological and psychophysical health. Factors such as education, social living conditions, family status, and income level played crucial roles in influencing individuals’ psychoemotional state. Comparative analysis between individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 and those without the disease showed that the pandemic acted as a trigger for the manifestation of psychoemotional, psychophysiological, and mental disorders. The study emphasized the importance of psychoprophylactic measures and psychoeducational methods for all population groups, particularly targeting vulnerable populations. Integration of mental health and psychosocial support services into the public health response was highlighted as crucial to mitigating the adverse effects on individuals’ mental health and overall well-being. Understanding the psychological reactions during the COVID- 19 pandemic provided valuable insights for developing effective interventions and support systems to alleviate the impact on individuals’ mental health. The study’s findings underscored the importance of addressing mental health needs and implementing targeted interventions to support the psychological well-being of the population. Fri, 20 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/426 2024-12-20T00:00:00Z